ABSTRACT
Aim: This study aimed to systematically review available literature of in vitro studies on apical extrusion of debris through rotary instrumentation in comparison to manual instrumentation in pediatric endodontics, and also to perform a comparison between various rotary instrumentation systems for assessment of debris extrusion. Materials and Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted on PubMed, Medline, Cochrane Library, Embase, Scopus, and Google Scholar without any language restriction and year of publication. A planned search strategy was made for PubMed and applied to other databases. After full-text reading, 7 articles were selected for quantitative synthesis. Modified CONSORT checklist of items for reporting in vitro studies of dental materials was used for quality assessment of included studies. Results: Root canal preparation with rotary instrumentation led to lesser apical debris extrusion than manual instrumentation. Self-adjusting file system was associated with the least debris extrusion among all included studies, followed by ProTaper Next, Kedo-S, ProTaper, K3, Mtwo, Revo-S, and Wave One. Conclusion: More apical debris extrusion was seen with manual instrumentation than rotary instrumentation. Furtrhermore, variance in debris extrusion was seen with different rotary file systems.
ABSTRACT
Background: During endotracheal intubation, it has been observed that there is evolvement of the responses of the circulatory in nature. These are difficult to control using the IV anesthetic drugs. Hence various agents are tried to overcome this drawback. Objective of research work was to study efficacy of oral clonidine on hemodynamic responses compared to IV fentanyl while patients undergo larngoscopy and endotracheal intubation.Methods: The patients were allocated into two groups of 30 each. i.e. 30 patients in clonidine group and 30 patients in fentanyl group. All the patients received were pre-medicated with glycoprrolate 0.2mg, ondansetron 4mg and tramadol 1mg/kg body weight. Cardiovascular parameters (heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure,) were recorded at the following intervals: pre-induction, after induction, at endotracheal intubation, one minute, three minutes and five minutes after intubation.Results: The heart rate was significantly more at various intervals in patients who belonged to fentanyl group and it was significantly lesser in clonidine group. The systolic blood pressure was significantly more at various intervals in patients who belonged to fentanyl group and it was significantly lesser in clonidine group. The diastolic blood pressure was significantly more at various intervals in patients who belonged to fentanyl group and it was significantly lesser in clonidine group. Similar was the case with mean arterial blood pressure.Conclusions: Clonidine has been found to be more effective than IV fentanyl in stabilizing the cardiovascular parameters. Not only that orally it is easier to administer and cost effective.
ABSTRACT
Prosthetic dentistry constantly evolving as a result of innovative treatment solution based on new material, treatment technique,and technologies. The advent of fiber reinforced has further increased the potential uses of composite material within prostheticdentistry. As we know that, missing anterior teeth are serious concern in the social life of a patient. To restore the missing anteriorteeth, we are having several treatment options such as conventional fixed partial denture and implant-supported restoration allthese are may the treatment of choice, but fiber-reinforced composite (FRC) resin offers a conservative, fast, and cost-effectivealternative for single or multiple teeth replacement. In this paper, we are presenting how to use FRC technology to restoreanterior edentulous area in terms of esthetic values and functionality.
ABSTRACT
Background: A periodic measurement of lung functions would be a guiding principle to detect the lung abnormalities in the early stages and among lung function tests, peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) is useful. The industrial workers are subjected to illness suffered not only of those of fellow citizens but are also subjected to certain illness due to mainly their work environment which is peculiar to each work place or industry. The objective of the study was aimed at the PEFR of workers in stone crushing units, Gulbarga city. The authors were also aimed at the study of the factors influencing PEFR of the workers and to suggest the various measures for the improvement in the health status of the workers. Methods: The study was undertaken among the workers engaged in stone crushing units and related respiratory ailment among workers based on PEFR in stone crushing units surrounding Gulbarga city, Karnataka, India. The study sample comprised a total of 150 workers examined. Results: The result of the study showed that 51 (34%) workers with less than 400 L/min PEFR having signs and symptoms like breathlessness and cough were as 99 (66%) workers with PEFR 400-600 L/min were normal. The study also shows that there is highly significant association between lung function parameter (PEFR) with duration of exposure. Conclusions: The result indicated the need to increase awareness among the workers regarding the dust generated by crushing units.
ABSTRACT
Hypertension is an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease, the incidence of which it is possible to reduce by prophylactic treatment with antihypertensive drugs. Adherence to long-term therapies for chronic diseases in developed countries averages only 50%. In developing countries the rate is even lower, probably reflecting inequalities of access to appropriate health care facilities, supervised by qualified health care professionals. In clinical practice, however, only a minority of patients reach target blood pressure levels. The resulting gap between actual and potential health gains has been attributed to the fact that many patients do not take prescribed treatment as recommended. Pharmacists can play important roles in helping their patients with high blood pressure manage their condition. Serving as a partner and coach, pharmacists can provide medication therapy management services, educate patients about Hypertension. Further Pharmacists, physicians and other healthcare professionals should regard patients as partners in all decisions on treatments involving medication.